Brush.



PATENI'ED SEPT. 18, 1906.

F. GRAUL. BRUSH. APPLICATION FILED AUG. 24, 1904.

v Villa /A of brush of the character hereinafter more UNITED s'iAgilEs infiENT oEEioE.

FREDRIOK GRAUL, OF NEWARK, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO RUBBER AND OELLULOID HARNESS TRIMMING OO., A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

BRUSH.

.Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed August 24, 1904. Serial No. 221,938.

No. 831,340. Patenten sept. ia, 190e.

Ton/,ZZ whom t may concern,.- jif-,ted into an Outer fel-rule Be it known that I, FREDRICK GRAUL, a Vof citizen of the United States, residing at Newark, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Brushes and I d0 hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which rule being easily the brush. My present invention consists in the novel construction of brush hereinafter more fully set forth; and, furthermore, this invention consists iii the novel arrangements and combinations of the various parts, all of which will be described in the following specication and then finally embodied in the clauses he claim which are appended to and it appertainsto make and use the same, reff h erence being had to the accompanying drawwhic form an essential part of this specifiings, and to figures of reference marked cation.

thereon, which forni a part of this speciiica- The invention is clearly illustrated in the tion. accompanying drawings, in which- The present invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of paint and other brushes; and the invention has for its primary object to provide a novel construction ing tthe principles of my present invention. Fig. 2 is a view of the brush, showing the fully set forth.

The invention has for its further object to provide a brush comprising a bunch of bristles having a knot or upper end surrounded by a metal band, the knot and said band being tightly united during the process of vulcanizing the said knot to maintain a compressed relation of the rubber-dipped ends of the bristles which constitute the bunch and to prevent the objectionable swelling of the said soft-rubber-dipped end during the heating process, the butt of a handle and said inetal-surrounded knot then finally beineP inclosed and held in an outer band or ferru e of metal which is concentric with the said inner metal ferrule.

A further object of this invention is to produce a brush made in this manner and providing the same with a holding means preferably in the form of two sets of holding pins or rivets, one set of pins or rivets being driven through the two concentric ferrules and the vulcanized knot of the bunch of bristles and the second set of pins or rivets being driven elevation; and Fig. 3 is a similar view of the brush, showing both concentric bands or ferriiles in vertical section with bristles in elevation and with the handle removed. Fig.- 4 is atop or plan view of the parts represented in said Fig. 3.

Similar characters of reference are eniployed in the above-stated views to indicate corresponding parts. v

Referring now to the said figures of the drawings, the reference character l indicates the complete brush, the saine comprisin a handle 2 of any suitable and uiation, and which may be made of wood or other material. The said handle is provided with a butt or end portion 3, having a marginal edge 4 surrounding the end surface of the butt, and arranged against the end of the said butt of the handle is a knot 6 of the bunch of bristles 5 of the brush. The said knot is surrounded upon its outer surface with a comparatively-wide ferrule or band of metal 7, having its upper marginal edge correspond through the said outer ferrule and the butt of ing to the marginal edge of the butt or end the handle. portion 3 of the handle 2, and being rima- Other objects of the present invention are neatness of the brush and simplicity and cheapness of construction, at the same time providing a durable brush construction in which the soft--rubber-dipped knot of the bunch of bristles is prevented from swelling and assuming a distorted shape during the process of vulcanizing the knot, the inner ferrily secured in its position about the {not 6 during the vulcanizmg process 'of the said the bristles become swollen by t ie heat during said process.l Surrounding the said inner metal band or ferrule 7 is an outer metal band or ferrule 8, substantially as shown, the l said outer band or ferrule having :its upper Figure l is a face view of a brush embody-4 desired con gthe bunch of IOO knot when the soft-rubber-dip ed ends of y rule 8 may be provided with beads 8 portion extending above the u per marginal edge of the said inner ferrule and slipped directly upon the butt or end portion 3 of the handle 2, with its upper marginal edge iitted over and upon the surrounding marginal edge 4 ofthe said butt or end portion 3 of the handle, substantially as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings. It is preferable, but not of itself an absolute necessity, to more securely connect these parts by driving suitable pins or rivets 9 directly through the lower portion of the outer band or lerrule 8 and through the inner band or ferrule 7 and the vulcanized knot 6 of the bunch of. bris--` tles and driving, also, a rivet or in 10 through the u ferrule or ban 8 and the butt or end portion 3 of the handle. Thus it will be evident that while the inner metal band or ferrule 7 prevents the undue swelling of' the knot ci' the bunch of bristles when in constant use it also serves as a reinforcing means to permit 9 between the lower portion of the outer ferrule 8 and the inner ier* rule 7 and knot 6 to securely retain the parts in their connected relation. It also prevents the loosening of the butt or end portion 3 of the handle from' the knot and, Jfurthermore, all possibility of the entire withdrawal of the the handle from clearly overcome. If desired, the inner metal ferrule 7 may be rovided with a bead 7" or other suitable hblding or retaining means into which parts of the soft-rubber cement cone, when the metal ferrule 7 is forced over the lcompressed sot-rubberdipped ends of the knot of bristles to help retain the parts in their properly-assembled relation for handling upon the steam-table before the rubber-cement becomes hard set. In like manner the outer metal band or ferand 8 but these are ordinarily for ornamental purposes and may be omitted.

In carryin out the steps in the manufacture of brus es embodying the novel features of my esent invention I first take a suitable bunch of bristles, as 5, in the knot end of which I have arranged a plug 11, preferably of wood, in the manner indicated in Fig. 4 of the drawings, and then I slip theinner metal band or errule 7 over the other end of the bunch of bristles, the said metal jerrule being loosely arranged about the bunch of' bristles to practically retain the shape of the bunch, and the ferrule being sufiiciently removed from the knot end of the bunch that the latter can be di ped in the liquid or soft-rubber cement. T e knot end thus having been rubber-dipped, the inner metal band or ferrule is then Jforced down snugly and ti htly over the said soft-rubber-v dipped end, t us more securely causing said end to retain its proper and desired shape and coniiguration. at the same time, some per portion of the sai outerl the ferrule of the brush is of the soft-rubber cement will ooze into the holding means, as the bead 7 with which said inner band or ferrule may be provided, thus preventing any accidental displacement of said metal ierrule from its encircling relation with the soft-rubber-dipped knot. The said soft-rubber-dipped knot, with its surrounding metal errule 7, is then placed end up upon a steam or heating table rubber-cement and causing the knot end of the bunch of bristles to become positively set and affixed in the vulcanized end which is surrounded by the said inner metal ferr-ule 7. `he use of this inner metal band or ferrule 7 during the vulcanizing and heatingsteps is an absolute necessity, because the soft-rubber cement while being heated has a great tendency to swell, thereby producing a distorted shape of the knot, which prevents the proper insertion and arrangement of the knot in the ferrule of the handle, but, with the inner metal ferrule, the knot not merely re.- tains its shape, but is additionally cornpressed owing to the swelling of the rubber being retained between the walls of the inner ferrule, and providing thereby a more ,osiltive and thorough embedding and ho ding i relation of the ends of the bristles in the hardened and rubber-set knot. At the same y time the inner and outer ferrule being made with common centers two concentric metal i ferrules are provided, so that the outer ferrule is easily arranged upon and over the said inner ferrule, and the parts then suitably connected with the butt-end of the handle.

From the foregoing description of my present invention it will be seen that I have devised a simple and effectively-constructed brush which may be used with the handles and ferrules of all kinds of brushes.

I claim-d 1. A brush comprising a handle having a butt, a bunch of bristles having its knot in close proximity to said butt, an inner metal err-ule entirely surrounding the outer surface of said knot and having its upper marginal edge flush with the upper surface of the knot, and an outer errule surrounding said inner f metal ferrule and having its upperiportion extending above the upper marginal edge of the inner metal ferrule and providing a receiving portion for the butt of said handle, and the upper marginal edge of the inner i metal errule iormin a shoulder upon which the butt of the han le rests, said inner and outery ferrules being provided with common centers so as to be concentric, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.,

2. A brush comprising a handle having a butt, a bunch of bristles having its knot in close proximity to said butt, an inner metal ferrule entirely surrounding the outer surface of said knot and having its upper marginal edge flush with the u per surface of the knot,

an outer metal fer-ru e surrounding said inner IOO IIO

metal ferrule and having its upper portion extending above the upper marginal edge of the inner metal ferrule and providing a receiving portion for the butt of said handle, and the upper marginal edge of the inner metal ferrule forming a shoulder upon which the butt of the handle rests, said inner and outer ferrules being provided with common.

centers so as to be concentric, means for permanently securing the lower portion of said outer ferrule to said inner ferrule, and means for permanently securing the upper ortion of said outer ferrule to said butt of t e handle, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

3. A brush comprising a handle having a butt, a bunch of bristles having its knot in close proximity to said butt, an inner metal errule entirely surrounding the outer surface of said knot and having its upper marginal edge flush with the u per surface' of the knot, an outer metal ferru e surrounding a portion of said inner metal ferrule and having its upper portion extending above the upper marginal edge of the inner metal ferrule and ro- Viding a receiving portion for the butt o the hand e, and the upper marginal edge of the inner metal ferrule formin a shoulder upon which the butt of the hand e rests, said inner and outer ferrules being provided With common centers so as to be concentric, means for permanent] securing the lower portion of said outer errule to said inner ferrule, consisting of rivets extending through said outer ferrule and through the inner ferrule and the -knot of the bunch of bristles, and means for FREDRIcK GRAUL.

Witnesses:

FREDK. C. FRAENTZEL, GEO. D. RICHARDS.

e handle, 

